The 5 Parts of Gaul

According to Julius  Caesar, ​Gaul was divided into three parts. Borders changed and not all ancient writers on the topic of Gaul are consistent, but it is probably more accurate for us to say all Gaul was divided into five parts, and Caesar knew them. Gaul was mostly north of the Italian Alps, the Pyrenees, and the Mediterranean Sea. To the east of Gaul lived Germanic tribes. To the west was what is now the English Channel (La Manche) and the Atlantic Ocean. Julius Ceasar and the Gauls When in the mid-first century B.C., Julius Caesar starts his book on the wars between Rome and the Gauls, he writes about these relatively unknown peoples: Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquitani, tertiam qui ipsorum lingua Celtae, nostra Galli appellantur.All Gaul is divided into three parts, in one of which the Belgae live, in another, the Aquitaines, and in the third, the Celts (in their own language), [but] called the Galli [Gauls] in ours [Latin]. These three Gauls were in addition to the two Rome already knew very well. Cisalpine Gaul The Gauls on the Italian side of the Alps (Cisalpine Gaul) or Gallia Citerior Nearer Gaul lay north of the Rubicon River. The name Cisalpine Gaul was in use until around the time of Caesars assassination. It was also known as Gallia Togata because there were so many toga-clad Romans living there. Part of the area of Cisalpine Gaul was known as Transpadine Gaul because it lay north of the Padus (Po) river. The area was also referred to simply as Gallia, but that was before extensive Roman contact with the Gauls north of the Alps. According to the ancient historian, Livy (who hailed from Cisalpine Gaul), over-population-driven migration into the Italic peninsula came early on in Roman history, at the time Rome was ruled by its first Etruscan king, Tarquinius Priscus. Led by Bellovesus, the Gallic tribe of Insubres defeated the Etruscans in the plains around the Po River and settled in the area of modern Milan. There were other waves of martial Gauls—Cenomani, Libui, Salui, Boii, Lingones, and Senones. Senones Defeats the Romans In around 390 B.C., Senones—living in what was later called the ager Gallicus (Gallic field) strip along the Adriatic, led by Brennus—defeated the Romans at the banks of the Allia  before capturing the city of Rome and besieging the Capitol. They were persuaded to leave with a hefty payment of gold. About a century later, Rome defeated the Gauls and their Italian allies, the Samnites, as well as Etruscans and Umbrians, on Gallic territory. In 283, the Romans defeated the Galli Senones and established their first Gallic colony (Sena). In 269, they set up another colony, Ariminum. It wasnt until 223 that the Romans crossed the Po to battle successfully against the Gallic Insubres. In 218, Rome established two new Gallic colonies: Placentia to the south of the Po, and Cremona. It was these disaffected Italian Gauls that Hannibal hoped would help with his efforts to defeat Rome. Transalpine Gaul The second area of Gaul was the area beyond the Alps. This was known as Transalpine Gaul or Gallia Ulterior Further Gaul and Gallia Comata Long-haired Gaul. Ulterior Gaul sometimes refers specifically to the Provincia the Province, which is the southern section and is sometimes called Gallia Braccata for the trousers worn by inhabitants. Later it was called Gallia Narbonensis. Transalpine Gaul lay along the northern side of the alps across the Mediterranean coastline to the Pyrenees. Transalpine Gaul features the major cities of Vienna (Isà ¨re), Lyon, Arles, Marseilles, and Narbonne. It was important for Roman interests in Hispania (Spain and Portugal) because it allowed land access to the Iberian peninsula. The Many  Gauls When Caesar describes Gaul in his commentaries on the Gallic Wars, he starts by stating that all Gaul is divided into three parts. These three parts are beyond the area from which Provincia the Province was created. Caesar lists Aquitaines, Belgians, and Celts. Caesar had gone into Gaul as proconsul of Cisalpine Gaul, but then acquired Transalpine Gaul, and then went further, into the three Gauls, ostensibly to help out the Aedui, an allied Gallic tribe, but by the Battle of Alesia at the end of the Gallic Wars (52 B.C.) he had conquered all of Gaul for Rome. Under Augustus, the area was known as Tres Galliae the Three Gauls. These areas were developed into provinces of the Roman Empire, with slightly different names. Instead of the Celtae, the third was Lugdunensis—Lugdunum being the Latin name for Lyon. The other two areas kept the name Caesar had applied to them, Aquitani and Belgae, but with different borders. Alpine Regions: Alpes MaritimaeRegnum CottiiAlpes GraiaeVallis Poenina Gaul Proper: NarbonensisAquitaniaLugdunensisBelgicaGermania inferiorGermania superior Sources Gallia Cisalpina  Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography  (1854) William Smith, LLD, Ed.The Beginnings of Rome, by T.J. Cornell (1995).Keatika: Being Prolegomena to a Study of the Dialects of Ancient GaulJoshua Whatmough   Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, Vol. 55, (1944), pp. 1-85.

Abortion is MURDER Essay - 1199 Words

â€Å"If we accept that a mother can kill her own child, how can we tell other people not to kill each other? Any country that accepts abortion is not teaching its people to love, rather, to use violence to get what they want† -- Mother Theresa The thought of killing to most people is bone chilling and makes the hairs on the back of the neck stand up. Abortion is unjustifiable murder because that fetus being done away with is a human being that deserves the right to live just like the people participating in the act. Abortion is an issue that should not be taken lightly because it is a termination of what could potentially become a human†¦show more content†¦According to the pro-life people, the fetus has the right to life from conception onwards while the pro-choice people argue that, women have rights over their bodies and lives and can chose whether to have an abortion or not (Rocchi 610). However, in general, when arguing about whether abortion is the right choice or not, it is good to consider about its existence and the results. In the current world today, about 54 countries have legalized abortion and this is about 61 percent of the world population (Baumgardner 45). Lee asserts that, unintentional pregna ncies are said to account for half of all pregnancies and research shows that, 4 out of 10 of these pregnancies are aborted. I the United States alone, it is estimated that about 1.6 pregnancies are aborted (250). This shows how many innocent lives are being lost through this process of abortion. Abortion should be made illegal and it is a wrong choice to make because, the fetus being aborted is a baby, everyone has a right to live, no person has the right to take another person’s life, and the unborn baby is not in a position to make decisions to live or to die. According to Lee (45), abortion is wrong because it is killing of an innocent or at least potential innocent person. While some may argue that abortion is something that people should be able to chose, it is very evident that abortion is evil, murder and destroying the moral fabric of the society. Many arguments are that the fetusShow MoreRelatedAbortion Is Murder1062 Words   |  4 Pages ABORTION IS MURDER â€Å"There are nearly 1.2 million abortions performed in the United States each year† (Operation Rescue, 2014). That was 1.2 million innocent lives that were ended before they even had a chance to begin. Abortion has been legal for decades now, and it is time to put a stop to all the murdering of unborn children. This senseless killing of an unborn child needs to be recognized for what it truly is, and that is legalized murder. Abortions should be made illegal in the United StatesRead MoreAbortion: Is It Murder?1524 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion is an extremely controversial issue and one that many people can have very strong feelings for on both sides of the debate. Those who support abortion rights argue that it is a woman’s choice what to do with her body. Although, the unborn baby inside a woman is still a person living, and terminating that pregnancy is the same thing as murder. No one should have the choice to commit murder. Abortion is honestly wrong because t he laws prohibiting abortion help to keep people from playing GodRead MoreIs Abortion A Murder?3072 Words   |  13 Pages Abortion is Murder Numerous times throughout the past, a woman has wept herself to sleep or woke up in the middle of the night with horrible panic attacks that she cannot seem to overcome. She lives with such guilt and wonders what life would be like today if only she had made a different choice. Life is full of choices, and unfortunately people sometimes make choices that will haunt them for the rest of their lives. The saddest part is that many times we allow other people to influence the choicesRead More Abortion is Not Murder Essay1202 Words   |  5 PagesAbortion is Not Murder Is abortion murder?   Murder is defined as illegal killing with malice aforethought. Abortion fails this definition for two reasons. First, abortion is not illegal, and second, there is no evidence to suggest that expecting mothers feel malice towards their own flesh and blood. Not all killing is murder, of course. Murder is actually a small subset of all killing, which includes accidental homicide, killing in self-defense, suicide, euthanasia, etc. When pro-lifeRead MoreAbortion is a Murder Essay721 Words   |  3 Pageson-going subject that has been greatly debated in our society is abortion. Many people argue that because the baby in the mother’s womb is not alive, aborting him or her is not considered a murder. However, others say that as the baby’s heart and brain are the first things to develop, the baby is technically alive and killing it would be a murder. As soon as the baby has a heartbeat, it has life. Abortion has many characteristics of a murder, including the killing of one human being by another, it’s unethicalRead MoreAbortion Is Murder Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pages The topic of abortion is an extremely controversial issue in todays society, there are many separate views on the morality of it . Abortion is defined as the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy (â€Å"Abortion†). In other words, it is the murder of an unborn child. Throughout the past there has been several court cases related to abortion, in attempt to resolve the debate. For example, Roe v. Wade declared that unborn children are neither ‘persons’ nor are they entitledRead MoreAbortion: Murder or Necessity766 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion: Murder or Necessity Abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo before it is viable. An abortion can occur spontaneously, in which case it is usually called a miscarriage, or it can be purposely induced. Abortion, when induced in accordance with the local law, is among the safest procedures in medicine. However, unsafe abortions (those performed by persons without proper training or outside of a medical environment)Read MoreAbortion Is Not The Murder Of An Infant1507 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent perspective on abortion. The first written works of Christianity states â€Å"You shall not kill the embryo by abortion and shall not cause the newborn to perish.† In the early Christianity, abortion was prohibited. The early church leader who had agreed on abortion stated: â€Å"that if an abortion was performed to hide the consequences of fornication and adultery, then it was a sin that required penance.† This lit the sp arks between Christians on whether abortion was considered a murder or not. â€Å"St.AugustineRead MoreShould Abortion Be Murder?868 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion is Murder Have you ever lost a loved one or someone that meant a lot to you? If so, how did that make you feel? I’m sure you felt heartbroken or lost and you didn’t know what you were going to do. Imagine how you would feel if you were trying to bring a loved one into this world but you couldn’t. It wasn’t because you didn’t want to, it’s was because you were physically not able to. There are many women who want to have kids and make their family grow but because of their health issues theyRead MoreAbortion Is An Act Of Murder? Essay1271 Words   |  6 Pagesmother’s womb when the mothers decide to have an abortion. There is much controversy regarding abortion as a whole. Abortion is a procedure that terminates any pregnancy (Dictionary.com). When discussing abortion, some would say the beginning of life started once an infant took his or her first breath during delivery and others would say life began the second they were formed in its motherà ¢â‚¬â„¢s womb. Based on either viewpoint, is abortion considered an act of murder? A pro-abortionist considers life to begin

Advertising Marketing Free Essays

â€Å"Advertising may be described as the science of arresting human intelligence long enough to get money from it.† This quote as stated by Stephen Lealock who was a renowned economist and humorist gives an ideal description of the category of advertising that I would be flowing in this paper. There are several We will write a custom essay sample on Advertising Marketing or any similar topic only for you Order Now com/how-does-advertisement-influence-peoples-behaviour/"kinds of advertising techniques that can be followed but the implementation of any one depends upon the nature of the product. When persuading the target market into buying a product that they do not necessarily need, the medium that would be chosen should be able to lay impact so as the consumer may not be able to ignore it. An idyllic media for this type of advertising is the use of television ads or promos. Advertising is a form of above-the-line promotion as it is usually directed towards the appropriate target market by selecting certain media but it is likely that many people who are unlikely to purchase the product might see the advertisement too. Advertisements are often classified into two types; informative advertisement, which are the adverts that give information about the product such as the price, main features or technical specifications. The other form is Persuasive advertising, which is the process of creating a distinct brand image or identity and it may not contain details or specifications about the product. There are a number of factors that affect the choice of medium that is to be used for advertisements. The major considerations are of the cost of advertising, the size of the audience, the message to be communicated, the law and other constraints. Television ads are a form of broadcast advertisements and it is one of the most popular advertising medium that there is. The issues that need to be considered when launching television advertisement include the duration of the advertisement, the time of broadcast and the channel on which the advertisement would be broadcasted. All these factors need to be considered with respect to the target audience. When selling a product that is not a necessity or requirement for the people, it would be feasible to use the persuasive advertisement approach. First, the target audience needs to be recognized. Television has the advantage of catering to a large audience and of being a more active and dynamic form of advertisement. It is important for television commercials to be attractive and eye catching. The content of the ads would reflect the target audience. For example, when addressing teenagers, a celebrity appearance in an ad could be influential. Similarly, humor, script and other factors need to be considered according to the market that is being targeted. A new revolution in television ads is the documentary style ads, which is a new concept in television commercials where commercials are created in such a fashion that they seem more like television content and hence, retain more customers. In conclusion, it should be stated that television advertisements are said to be the most influential in mass marketing as they attract the consumers and hook an interest in them about the product. Moreover, with upcoming concepts such as the documentary style advertisements, viewers do not feel that their television programs are being interrupted and do not skip these commercials. Therefore, television can target a large market, and can psychologically persuade them into developing an interest in the product and thus buying something that they did not really need prior to the advertisement. Works Cited Baker, M.J (2001). Marketing: critical perspective on business and management. Taylor and Francis. How to cite Advertising Marketing, Essays

Nespresso Coffee - Well Known Brand Name in Coffee Industry

Question: Describe a report about a brand called Nespresso coffee. Answer: Introduction Nespresso developed out of Nestle that was already a well-known name in the coffee industry. The line Nespresso was developed as a particular division within the firm that focused on the manufacture and marketing of ground coffee beans and added flavorings. The company is primarily responsible for the manufacture of the coffee machines that are used in coffee shops and other outlets for offering readymade coffee. The coffee capsules are a product that is related to the coffee machines because the coffee machines use coffee capsules rather than ground coffee in the systems. Although the price of coffee capsules is slightly higher than the equivalent amount of ground coffee powder, the marketing strategy has provided the product with the much-needed leverage in order to maintain a strong presence in the market. The product has in fact succeeded in achieving a presence in the market with an effect that it is the product that is more in demand than the low-cost coffee powder. The success of the product is thus related to the very effective marketing strategy that has given the product the means to sustain itself in the market. Background What is the product, who manufactures/delivers the product, and where can it be bought? The Nespresso coffee capsules are a product developed by Nespresso, which takes the idea of coffee preparation into a new direction by devising an idea of capsules. Although Nespresso did have products which included coffee powder earlier, the development of a product in a new line provided the company with a distinct product that had a completely different presence in the market. The coffee capsules were developed with the idea of using them in the coffee brewing machines that were also manufactured by Nespresso (Blythe, 2006). In such a case, Nespresso aimed at the creation of an exclusive product that had a presence in the market as something that other competitors dont offer to the customers. The main idea behind developing the coffee capsules was creating a product for the coffee machines where unlike the coffee powder, the aroma of the coffee does not go away from the coffee. In such a case, the coffee capsules were developed by the company with a view to making a product that provided for a single use and had all the ingredients including the special flavors in it (Brem, Maier, Wimschneider, 2016). The delivery of the product has been through a vast number of channels owing to a large number of families owning coffee making machines in homes (Cadogan, 2009). While earlier coffee machines were limited to the shops, the current trend of owning coffee machines in almost every household has encouraged the company to make their product available across all the platforms and outlets through which the customers are able to buy them conveniently. Internal and external analysis of the companys marketing environment The company Nespresso is one of the leaders in the coffee products and the products of the company including the coffee capsules have proved to have shown huge success owing to the successful marketing strategy of the company. The analysis of the internal and external marketing environment of the company reveals that the internal marketing environment is one that is always dedicated to the teamwork of the employees (Constantinides, 2006). The employees are given the idea that they are working for a reputed brand and as such, must work towards upholding the brand image. The analysis of the external environments brings to light the image of the company among the customers of the company (Dominici, 2009). It has been seen that Nespresso maintains a loyal customer base and as such, it is evident that the companys external marketing environment is a healthy one with a healthy relation with the customers. The main target markets for this product The target market for the product is across all the working class population. Coffee is a product that is marketable across all the sections of the population and also across the entire world. Since Nespresso uses the best quality coffee for its products, it is in a position to garner a large section of the customer base (Ferrell Hartline, 2005). The customer base for the coffee capsules includes the coffee shops as well as the everyday working class individuals who own coffee machines. The working class section of the society is one that is a constant customer of coffee and coffee products (Goi, 2009). Also, the rising incomes have created a growing number of the households owning coffee machines. In such a case, the customers extend to all the sections of the society that are growing increasingly conscious about high-quality coffee and is also ready to spend money for it. Marketing Mix Product While describing the product on three layers, the core product is, in fact, the coffee capsule that is much better than the powdered coffee as the capsules do not lose their flavor and as a result, help in the maintenance of a much better aroma that enhances the experience of the coffee. The actual product is developed keeping in mind the appearance and packaging of the product. The product is packaged by food grade materials that have minimum effects on the human body and also help in the preservation for a longer duration (Jain, 2000). The augmented product, in this case, is the level of responsibility it maintains in making the customer experience a pleasing one. The augmented product is also the one where the company is extremely dedicated to the quality of the product and also maintains a system of complaints against any defective or any product that is not up to the mark. The product falls under the consumer class as it is a product that is directed to the general population. A lthough the company developed the coffee capsules mainly with the idea of coffee shops in mind, it cannot be considered as a business product. This is because although the capsules are being sold as components for the coffee shops, it is still directed towards the general population (Kocovic, 2011). The lifecycle of the product can be seen when we take into account the development of the product. The product was developed with an idea of creating a product to go with the coffee machines. However, as coffee machines became more and more popular, the other competing companies also began developing substitute products for the coffee machines that were similar to Nespressos coffee capsules. However, Nespresso quickly overcame the competition by creating a line of coffee capsules that had variant flavors added to it (Krstic Becic, 2011). In addition to that, the company also improved the quality of their product to such a level that it was not possible for the competitors to compete on such a level. The branding strategy that Nespresso has used in this product is particularly significant as the product has been branded in accordance with the brand value of Nestle of which the brand is a part of. In such a case, the brand image and repute of Nestle has helped the product gain a significant level of brand value. Price The product has been priced slightly higher than its competitors. This is because the idea of competitive pricing would not work in the case of a product with such a high brand value. Keeping a low price would in fact cause the brand to lose customers as it would mean that the brand is compromising on its quality. In such a case, the idea of pricing in a manner that the brand value would be retained is a good strategy. The pricing objective that has been set for the product is one that aims at gaining long run profit. The strategy that is applied in gaining this objective is the process of creating brand value (Luck, 2008). While the brand has succeeded in creating a brand value, it has helped the company gain more profit margins on its products and has also contributed to the sustainability which provides for a long run of profits. The product has seen a rising demand if not consistent. More and more individuals are turning to the product due to the convenience in use and the shops are also making a continuous use of the product as the machines use the capsules (Luck, 2010). In such a case, the price elasticity is more or less rigid as the company does not increase or decrease its prices to a large extent. The prices are kept more or less consistent in an effort to convey the brand value while at the same time maintaining its affordability. The price of the product can be affected by the quality and the image of the product. Table 1: Table Showing sales of Units In western Europe as Compared to its competitors. Promotion The product has been developed keeping in mind the needs of the general population. In such a case, the IMC has been developed with a view to promoting the product among these circles. The promotion has been done across various channels that provide the company the means to reach out to the target customers (Yelkur, 2000). The internet advertisement aims at portraying the various flavors that the product provides.; the strategy that is applied here is thus a strategy of differentiation from its competitors (Matzler, Bailom, Friedrich von den Eichen, Kohler, 2013). The brand aims at portraying to the customers that it is able to provide the customers with a wide range of flavors that are not provided by the competitors. In such a case, the customers are also ready to go for the products as they do not mind spending more for a better product that also provides the customer with so many choices. The effect of the advertisement in a hierarchical manner is seen when the customer grows mo re aware of the product owing to its presence of advertising in a large number of platforms (Matzler, Bailom, Friedrich von den Eichen, Kohler, 2013). In such a case, the company then gains the customers attention and proceeds to show them their products which end up in the customer develop a liking towards the products. After that, the superior quality and the choices of flavor are conveyed to the customers which draw the customers towards the brand into making the purchase in the favor of the brand. In such a case, we have to analyze the various promotional elements in the brands advertising (Mullin, 2006). The companys promotional elements have strived to gain the customers attention and then aimed to show them the range of products and the quality of the same. In such a case, the messages of the advertisements have always been more directed towards one where the company displays its quality of products to a customer base that is extremely serious about this aspect and takes it seriously. Placement The marketing of the product has been done via direct as well as indirect channels in an attempt to gain a maximum share of the market and the customer base. The direct channels include the ones in which the company has its own outlets where the product is a staple and is sold in large amounts. On the other hand, the indirect means are the ones in which the company sells it to the coffee shops but it still manages to reach out to the target customer base (Oldroyd, 2004). In such a case, the company may sell its capsules to the coffee shops but ultimately. It reaches to the customers who are also individual customers of the capsules for their machines at home. The distribution strategy for the product is a conventional strategy that makes use of the conventional modes of distribution as well as the modern means (Phillips, Doole, Lowe, 1994). Table 2: Nestles Market Shares in its main Markets for Coffee As the company is high on demand among all the strata of customers, it is not surprising that the product performs significantly well because of the conventional distribution system (Paley, 2007). The distribution intensity that has been used by the company is an intensive one and it has proved to be quite suitable for the company. While earlier the company reached out to the customers, the distribution system is now on where the customer reaches out to the company for their products. The company maintains a presence in supermarkets as well as specialty stores. The company also has a presence in department stores (Richter, 2002). Also, the company maintains a presence on the online platforms. The product is one that is particularly high in demand and as a result, being present in a wide range of channels is indeed important. Table 3: Place of Nespresso Coffee Capsules in the Market Conclusion Nespresso has been a successful company till date and their product, the coffee capsules have also been extremely successful. The product was launched as a part for the coffee machines in the shops. In such a case, it was a business product and had a niche customer base. However, the rising incomes provided the everyday working class citizens top own coffee machines and as a result, the product saw a surge in its sales. As a result, it changed its status to a consumer product. The rise in the sales meant that it was now open to a wider market that also provided more challenges. However, as the product progressed, there was also a number of competitors that appeared on the scene. In such a case, the product needed an efficient marketing strategy that would help it in maintaining its place in the market. The marketing strategy of the company intensified on maintaining the product quality while creating the differentiation and uniqueness of the product. Innovative Recommendations The coffee capsule is in itself an innovative product by Nespresso. However, there needs to be a continued innovation for the product. The product has seen a constant evolution due to the various challenges in the market. The various competitors have followed the exact same strategy and as a result, Nespresso aimed at the formation of innovative products that always provided the company with a product that was exclusive as well as better in quality. In such a case, the innovation is one factor that the company cannot compromise. Constant innovation is the key to sustenance in the competitive market. The innovation of the product has been seen when the company introduced the range of flavors in the capsules. However, the company must keep in mind that the innovation in the product needs to be continued. There needs to be a dedicated team that works for the research and development of the product in a manner that it caters to the preferences and choices of the target customer base. Als o, the promotion of the company needs to be innovative. Although the company has an efficient advertising system, the company must aim towards the development of more innovative advertisements that capture the attention of the audience who are in fact the potential customers of the product. References Blythe, J. (2006).Marketing. London: SAGE Publications. Brem, A., Maier, M., Wimschneider, C. (2016). Competitive advantage through innovation: the case of Nespresso.Euro Jrnl Of Inn Mnagmnt,19(1), 133-148. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejim-05-2014-0055 Cadogan, J. (2009).Marketing strategy. London: SAGE. Constantinides, E. (2006). The Marketing Mix Revisited: Towards the 21st Century Marketing.Journal Of Marketing Management,22(3-4), 407-438. https://dx.doi.org/10.1362/026725706776861190 Dominici, G. (2009). From Marketing Mix to e-Marketing Mix: a literature overview and classification.IJBM,4(9). https://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v4n9p17 Ferrell, O. Hartline, M. (2005).Marketing strategy. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. Goi, C. (2009). A Review of Marketing Mix: 4Ps or More?.IJMS,1(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v1n1p2 Jain, S. (2000).Marketing planning strategy. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western College Pub. Kocovic, M. (2011). Impact of macroeconomic environment on the cultural market.Marketing,42(4), 276-287. https://dx.doi.org/10.5937/markt1104276k Krstic, I. Becic, S. (2011). Implementation of marketing strategy: Factor of competitive advantage.Marketing,42(2), 118-126. https://dx.doi.org/10.5937/markt1102118k Luck, D. (2008).Assessing the marketing environment, 2008-2009. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. Luck, D. (2010).Assessing the marketing environment. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. Marketing environment. (2002). Cookham. Matzler, K., Bailom, F., Friedrich von den Eichen, S., Kohler, T. (2013). Business model innovation: coffee triumphs for Nespresso.Journal Of Business Strategy,34(2), 30-37. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02756661311310431 Mullin, R. (2006). Creating a marketing strategy [marketing development].Engineering Management,16(6), 40-41. https://dx.doi.org/10.1049/em:20060609 Oldroyd, M. (2004).Marketing environment. Oxford: Elsevier. Paley, N. (2007).The marketing strategy desktop guide. London: Thorogood. Phillips, C., Doole, I., Lowe, R. (1994).International marketing strategy. London: Routledge. Richter, T. (2002).Marketing mix standardisation in international marketing. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. Yelkur, R. (2000). Customer Satisfaction and the Services Marketing Mix.Journal Of Professional Services Marketing,21(1), 105-115. https://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j090v21n01_07